How do you get cold sores?

Cold sores explained

Cold sores are caused by infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Primary transmission typically occurs in childhood through kissing, sharing food and drink, or close physical contact. Many people become infected without developing a visible rash. Once the virus has entered the body, it remains dormant in the nervous system for life and is reactivated at intervals.

Factors such as stress, illness, fatigue, menstruation, sunlight and a weakened immune system can awaken the virus and lead to an outbreak. It is not always possible to predict when an outbreak will occur, but many people learn to recognize the early signs such as tingling, itching and warmth of the skin.

Some people only experience one outbreak in their lifetime, while others may have recurring episodes many times a year. The frequency depends on your immune system and lifestyle. People with weakened immune systems may be more prone to frequent or severe outbreaks.

Although cold sores are often associated with the lips, HSV-1 can also spread to other areas – such as the eyes or genitals – especially if you touch an active sore and then another area of ​​your body. It is therefore important to avoid picking at the sore and to wash your hands thoroughly after contact.

Prevention includes protecting lips from the sun, avoiding contact with people with outbreaks, and starting treatment at the very first sign of an outbreak.